Detachable rock drill bit with replaceable cutters



Jan, 1@,-195@ M AN Y 2,494,188

DETACHABLE ROCK DRILL BIT WITH REPLACEABLE CUTTERS Filed 001}. 17, 19453 Sheets-Sheefc l IN VENTOR. JUAN M. MEANEY ATTD RN EYS J. M. MEANEYJan. W, 195

DETACHABLE ROCK DRILL BIT WITH REPLACEABLE CUTTERS Filed 000. 17, 1945 3Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. JUAN M. MEANEV ATI'D RN EYS J. M. MEANEY Jan.N), 1950 DETACHABLE ROCK DRILL BIT WITH REPLACEABLE CUTTERS 3Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 17, 1945 INVENTOR. JUAN M. MEANEV ATTORNEYSPatented Jan. 10, 1950 DETACHABLE ROCK DRILL BIT WITH nEPLAoEABn CUTTERSJuan M. Meaney, Monclova, Mexico Application October 17, 1945, SerialNo.622,813

, i The invention relates to drills, and more especially to a rock drillhead having detachable cutters.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a drill head ofthis character, wherein the cutters are detachably mounted therein in anovel manner for cross cutting action in the use of the head fordrilling, the cutters being held firmly and securely in placewithoutliability of the same working loose to drilling, and whenthese aredetached they may be readily sharpened or replaced by new cutters, asthe occasion may require.

Another'object ofthe invention is the provision of a drill head of thischaracter, wherein when the points of the cutters become slightly dullthey may be adjusted for continued drilling until the points are wornout for further service, then these may be resharpened or replaced bynew ones, at the option of the user of the head.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a head of thischaracter, wherein hard faced bit cutters can be conveniently andcheaply made, the cutters having a lasting quality much greater thanthat of the common steel cutters. Ihus, for example, an operator can runthe drill thirty minutes with an ordinary tempered steel bit, whereaswith appliants bit he may run the drill on each edge of four-edgecutters, thereby obtaining approximately three hundred and sixty minutesof drilling.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a head ofthis character, which is simple in construction, thoroughly reliable andefficient in operation, strong, durable, readily and easily adjusted,allowing placement and removal of cutters with ease and dispatch, uniquein the assembly of parts, and inexpensive to manufacture and install.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in thefeatures of construction, combination and arrangement of parts as willbe hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, which show the preferred embodiment of the invention, andpointed out in the claim hereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a plan view of the drill headconstructed and assembled in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a side view, partly in vertical section thereof.

Figure 3 is a side view of the upper cutter holder detached from thedrill head.

Figure 4 is an end view of Figure 3,

1 Claim. (01. 255-64) Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showingthe lower cutter holder detached from the drill head.

Figure 6 is an end view of Figure '7.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the upper and lower cutter holders intheir relative assembled position, the cutters being shown removed fromthe drill head.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the drill head with thepositions occupied bythe cutters being indicated by dotted lines therein.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding partsthroughout theseveral views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the drill constituting the presentinvention, comprises a head denoted generally at A, and involves a chuckbody ID, which is of substantially circular 'inwardly taperedcontour,'ha'ving a centrally located internally threaded bore I l in itssmaller end, which bore merges with a central reduced passage l2 alignedtherewith and opening through the outer larger end of such body.

The body NJ, at its outer working face, is provided with clearance areasl3. Interseoting the body In at diametrically opposed points areintersecting cross ways I4 and M, which intersect at the center of suchbody I 0 for continuous communication of those portions of such wayslying at opposite sides of the center of the body.

Interfitting the ways It and M are interlocked cutter or bit holders l5and I6, respectively, the holder l5 being nested within the holder It,as illustrated in Figures 2 and 7. Cutter holder I6 is provided with agroove for receiving the cutter holder l5. The holders l5 and [6 haveoutwardly and downwardly sloping end portions I 8 and I8, which areprovided with substantially V-shaped channels l9 and I9 longitudinallytherein providing seats for cutters or bits 20, each being ofsubstantially diamond-shape in cross section. The cutters or bits 20,when seated in the channels I9 and IS in the holders l5 and IE, onassembly of the latter in the body Hi, are impinged by clamping claws 2|struck from the area l3 to overhang such cutters or bits 20, as shown inFigure 2, whereby these can be firmly and securely held in place withinthe body IE! when the hollow drill stem or shank 22, which is threadedin the bore II, is turned inwardly of the body l0 causing the end 23 ofsuch stem or shank to be driven against the holder it, which in turnforces it and holder I 5 upwardly to detachably lock the cutters or bits2!) against the claws 2! of the body l0.

The cutters or bits 20, at their outer faces, are provided withknife-like cutting edges 24, which protrude beyond the area 13 and clawsH for cross cutting operation of the drill head in the use thereof.

In the assembling of the device, holder 16 is fitted cross way 14, thenholder (5 is slid through cross way M to seat in groove ll of the holder1 6. The cutters or bits 20 are slipped into between. the claws 2| andthe seats is and [9"within the holders, it being understood that thestem or shank 22 has been loosened for this purpose. By"- turning thestem 22 inwardly in; the: hodyathe: end 23 forces the holders andcutters; orbitsito become locked in such body, preparing the head fordrilling.

During the use of the drill head if the edges 24 become blunt, theoperator loosens the stem or shank 22, and turns any or all fourcutters-orbits in their seats H3 or is through 90 degrees, thereby"presenting freshcutting edges and. then tightening the stem or shank;2.2: whereupon: the head is ready for drilling until another cutting.edge of each cutteror'bitistworn out.- The" foregoing operation isrepeated' until all edgesioieach cutter orbit havabeenworn out, when-v anew setof'cutters or'bitsis used'toreplacethe same. This" will avoid thenecessity for constantly'resharpen ing the" cutters orbits as'in drillheads employing but a single cutting edge toeach cutter or fit.

What is claimed is:

A drill head comprising a chuck body' having a central longitudinalbore, aportionat said bore: being threaded, a pair of diametricazl:cross waysinsaid chuck body and extending from side to side'of the chuckbody,isaid: cross ways intersecting each other at righta-nglesthereto-with: the? center of the intersection coinciding; with axis orsaid longitudinal bore;v clamp claws. comprising a part of said chuckbody and overhanging said cross ways from opposite side walls thereof, afirst cutter holder having a groove therein slidably mounted in one ofsaid cross ways, a second cutter holder supported by and positioned inthe groove of the said first cutter holder and slidably mounted in theother of said cross ways, a plurality of bits of substantially squarecross section and. having the edges thereof-2 forming cutting portions,each said cutting holder having a plurality of seats for supporting saidbits, each said seat and pair of clamping claws adjacent thereto;adapted; to slidably receive a bit to present azcutting edge beyond theclamping jaws, and a threaded stem screw threaded into said longitudinalbore and having a head portion adaptedtol contactsaid first cutterholder whereby rotation of said stem in one direction will cause saidhead portion to force said cutter holders, bits and clampingclawsstogether to form a rigid cutting; structure and. whereby rotation;oi= said stem a; reverse direction: will loosen said cut;- tingstructure to permit said bit to be removed and reinserted to selectivelypresent one of its cutting edges for cutting actiom .IUAN M. MEANEY.

BEEERENCESa GITED Thafbilowing; references" are of record in the me ofthis patent":

UNITED STATES PATENTS.

Number Name Date 874,455 et: a1 Dec. 24', 1 907 11143497 MacDonald Oct.20, I914 J,022,194 Galvin Nov. 26, 1935. means Williams Aug; 1 9', 1941'

